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In Algorithm Design Lab, counting the number of comparisons and swaps is an important method for analyzing the performance of algorithms, especially sorting algorithms. Comparisons refer to the number of times an algorithm compares two elements or values to determine their relative order. Swaps refer to the number of times two elements are exchanged or their positions are changed during the execution of an algorithm. These two operations are useful for understanding the time complexity and practical efficiency of an algorithm. Consider a sorting algorithm that arranges an array of elements in ascending order. During sorting, the algorithm generally performs two major types of operations: comparison and rearrangement. For example, if two elements are compared to determine whether the first element is greater than the second, one comparison is counted. If their positions are exchanged because they are in the wrong order, one swap is counted. By keeping separate counts of these operations, we can study how efficiently the algorithm performs. Bubble Sort provides a simple example for counting comparisons and swaps. In Bubble Sort, adjacent elements are repeatedly compared. If the element on the left is greater than the element on the right, the two elements are swapped. _________ ______ ________ ____ _________ ____ __________.
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