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Chlorination of benzothiophene proceeds through electrophilic aromatic substitution, where the electron-rich heteroaromatic system undergoes substitution preferentially at the 3-position. Benzothiophene contains a fused thiophene–benzene ring, and the sulfur atom donates electron density through resonance, stabilizing the intermediate sigma complex formed during electrophilic attack. When chlorine is introduced using reagents such as Cl₂ ___ _____ _____ _________ ____ _______ _______ _____ _________ ______.
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