b) Describe patho- physiology of Nephrotic Syndrome.

Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by a group of symptoms including proteinuria (excessive protein in urine), hypoalbuminemia (low levels of albumin in the blood), edema (swelling), and hyperlipidemia (elevated blood lipids). The pathophysiology of nephrotic syndrome involves complex changes within the glomeruli of the kidneys.

1. Glomerular Damage: The glomeruli, which are the filtering units of the kidneys, become damaged. This damage can be due to various causes such as immune-mediated injury, infections, or other underlying diseases. The damage disrupts the filtration process, leading to increased ______ _____ _____ _________ ___ _______ __________ ______ ______ _________.
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