Ante partum Hemorrhage (APH)

Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) refers to bleeding from the birth canal occurring after the 24th week of gestation but before the onset of labor. It is a significant obstetric emergency that can pose serious risks to both the mother and the fetus if not promptly managed. In primary health care settings, where initial assessment and management often take place, it is crucial for healthcare providers to possess a comprehensive understanding of APH, its causes, risk factors, management strategies, and preventive measures.

Understanding APH: Causes and Risk Factors

APH can result from various causes, including placenta previa, placental abruption, vasa previa, cervical lesions, and uterine rupture. Placenta previa occurs when the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix, leading to bleeding as the cervix begins to dilate in preparation for delivery. Placental abruption involves the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, leading __________ _________ ________ _________ ________ ______ __________ ______.
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