What is genetic code? Explain Khorana experimental contribut

Question

What is genetic code? Explain Khorana experimental contributions in understanding genetic code. Give the salient features of genetic code.

23 Jan 2025

Answer :

Word Count : 593

Genetic code refers to the set of rules by which information encoded in the genetic material (DNA or RNA) is translated into proteins. It defines how sequences of nucleotides (A, T, C, G in DNA, or A, U, C, G in RNA) are read in triplets, called codons, each specifying a particular amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis. The concept of genetic code plays a critical role in molecular biology as it bridges the genetic instructions in DNA with the synthesis of proteins, which perform most of the cellular functions.

The genetic code is nearly universal, meaning that it is shared by almost all organisms, from bacteria to humans. This universality suggests a common evolutionary origin and has been a critical factor in the development of molecular biology and genetic engineering. The code consists of 64 possible codons (4^3 = 64), but there are only ______ ___ ________ _______ __________ _____.
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