Word Count : 279

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When an electrophile (E^+) attacks the 2-position of pyridine, the reaction involves the formation of a sigma complex (arenium ion), which is the key intermediate. Pyridine is a nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compound, where the lone pair on nitrogen resides in an sp² orbital perpendicular to the π-system, making the nitrogen electron-withdrawing through the inductive effect. This reduces the electron density at the ortho (2,6) and para (4) positions relative to ____ ______ ____ __________ ____ ________.
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