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The ozone layer is a thin protective layer of ozone (O₃) molecules located in the stratosphere, approximately 15 to 35 kilometers above the Earth's surface. It plays a critical role in shielding life on Earth from the harmful effects of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly UV-B rays, which are capable of causing serious damage to living organisms. Ozone is formed naturally in the stratosphere through a series of photochemical reactions involving molecular oxygen (O₂) and ultraviolet light. In this process, O₂ absorbs high-energy UV-C radiation, splitting into individual oxygen atoms, which then combine with other O₂ molecules to form ozone. This dynamic process of ozone formation and destruction maintains a delicate balance that ensures the stratosphere contains sufficient ozone to filter out the majority of harmful UV radiation. However, human activities over the past several decades have significantly disrupted this balance, leading to ozone layer depletion, which has profound implications for the biosphere. Ozone layer depletion refers to the thinning and reduction of ozone concentration in the stratosphere due to the release of certain anthropogenic chemicals. The most significant of these are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform. These compounds were widely used ___ ______ ________ _____ _________ _______ _________ ______ ___ ____ ______.
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