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Grounded theory is a qualitative research method that is widely used in psychology to develop theories based on data collected from real-life experiences, interactions, or social processes. Unlike deductive approaches that begin with a hypothesis, grounded theory is inductive in nature—it begins with data collection and leads to the development of a theory that is "grounded" in that data. The method was originally developed by sociologists Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in the 1960s, but has since been adapted across many disciplines, including psychology, where it provides rich insights into human behavior, cognition, emotions, and interpersonal processes. Method and Steps of Grounded Theory Grounded theory follows a systematic yet flexible procedure that enables researchers to generate a conceptual framework based on empirical data. The method typically includes the following steps: 1. Research Question Formation: Although grounded theory does not start with a formal hypothesis, it does begin with a general research area or topic. Researchers enter the field with a loosely defined research question or a problem of interest, and remain open to emerging patterns. 2. Data Collection: Data is usually gathered through qualitative means such as interviews, observations, field notes, or documents. The process is iterative, and data collection often occurs alongside data analysis. Sampling begins as purposeful and gradually becomes theoretical, guided by emerging categories and concepts. 3. Open Coding: The first level of coding, where the data is broken down into discrete parts _________ ______ ________ __________ __________ ______ _____ __________ _________.
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