Question

 

Explain eco-friendly pesticides and their significant role in agrochemical sector.

17 Nov 2025
Answer :
Word Count : 1047
Eco-friendly pesticides, also known as biopesticides or green pesticides, are chemical or biological agents derived from natural sources that are used to control pests, weeds, and diseases in crops without causing significant harm to the environment, humans, or non-target organisms. Unlike conventional synthetic pesticides, which often contain toxic chemicals that can persist in soil and water and accumulate in food chains, eco-friendly pesticides are biodegradable, target-specific, and have minimal residual effects. These pesticides can be broadly classified into three main categories: microbial pesticides, botanical pesticides, and biochemical pesticides. Microbial pesticides utilize microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa to suppress pest populations. A well-known example is *Bacillus thuringiensis* (Bt), a bacterium that produces toxins lethal to specific insect larvae while remaining harmless to humans, animals, and beneficial insects. Botanical pesticides are derived from plants and contain bioactive compounds that repel, inhibit, or kill pests. Neem oil, extracted from *Azadirachta indica*, is a widely used botanical pesticide with insecticidal, antifungal, and nematicidal properties. Biochemical pesticides include substances such as pheromones or plant growth regulators that interfere with pest reproduction, feeding, or development, thereby reducing their impact on crops without directly killing them. The adoption of eco-friendly pesticides in the agrochemical sector is crucial due to their environmental compatibility and ___ ___ ______ _________ _________ _________ ______ ______ ____.
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