Explain the term active transport and discuss its role in nutrition uptake by bacterial cell.

 Explain the principal, construction and application of bacteriological incubator. 

Draw and discuss the generalized life cycle of fungi.

differential medium

Discuss any one type of microbial interaction.

Name four mechanisms employed by viruses to evade immune system ofhost. Briefly discuss any one of these.

How do microbes help in maintaining a clean environment?