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Spatial Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methods are key tools in participatory community development, enabling communities to express and analyze their spatial realities, resources, and challenges. These methods emphasize visual, collective, and context-specific approaches that allow community members to actively participate in the planning and decision-making process. By involving local people directly, spatial PRA methods help identify the location, distribution, and relationships of resources, infrastructure, and social activities, providing a foundation for informed development interventions. One of the most common spatial PRA methods is social mapping. Social mapping involves community members creating a representation of their village or neighborhood, showing households, land use, key facilities, and natural resources. For instance, villagers can collectively draw a map marking schools, health centers, water sources, agricultural fields, and roads. This ___ _____ _____ __________ _______ ______ ______ ________.
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