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B.R. Ambedkar, a towering social reformer, jurist, economist, and the principal architect of the Indian Constitution, devoted a significant part of his life to fighting social inequality, particularly the oppression rooted in the caste system. His views on the annihilation of caste were revolutionary and remain highly relevant in understanding India’s social and political fabric. Ambedkar believed that caste was not just a social hierarchy but a system of graded inequality that dehumanized millions, especially those considered “untouchables” or Dalits, denying them basic rights, dignity, and opportunities for social mobility. He argued that caste was fundamentally incompatible with democracy, liberty, and social justice because it perpetuated structural oppression and inequality from birth. Ambedkar saw caste as a deeply entrenched social institution based on hereditary occupation and ritual purity. Unlike other forms of social stratification, which might be more flexible, caste, according to him, was rigid and immutable. This rigidity ensured that social mobility was impossible, and individuals were bound to the social position assigned to them at birth. Ambedkar emphasized that religion, particularly Hinduism, had institutionalized caste. He argued that the religious sanction given to caste hierarchy made it self-perpetuating and resistant to reform. In his seminal work, "Annihilation of Caste," Ambedkar stated that any attempt to eradicate caste without addressing its religious foundation would be ineffective. He highlighted that merely superficial reforms or legislative interventions would fail if the underlying beliefs __________ _____ ____ ____ __________ _______ ____ __________ ____ ____.
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