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The government of India has over the years introduced a range of measures to enhance agricultural exports in order to increase farmers’ income, reduce surplus domestic stockpiles, promote rural development, and earn valuable foreign exchange. Recognising agriculture as a crucial contributor to both employment and exports, policy interventions have been aligned with the twin objectives of improving quality and productivity and establishing India as a reliable supplier in international markets. The first major step was the announcement of the Agricultural Export Policy (AEP) in 2018, which for the first time provided a comprehensive framework to double agricultural exports and integrate Indian farmers with the global value chain. This policy aimed to achieve a target of US\$60 billion in agricultural exports by 2022 and envisaged export clusters, infrastructure development, and value addition as core pillars. In addition to the AEP, the government has strengthened the role of the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) to coordinate with states, farmer producer organisations (FPOs), and exporters to address quality standards, certification, and logistics bottlenecks. The government has also identified 46 unique agricultural products with export potential and developed product-specific export hubs for items like mangoes, bananas, dairy, poultry, and rice to streamline production and marketing. To further improve competitiveness, several incentives and schemes have been launched under the Foreign Trade Policy and allied programs. These include transport and marketing assistance for specified agricultural products to offset the high freight cost associated with perishables, a revamped Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS) to provide duty credit scrips, and a focus on enabling cold chain infrastructure and pack houses at ports. The government has also leveraged bilateral and multilateral trade agreements to reduce tariffs, harmonise sanitary and phytosanitary measures, and improve market access for Indian goods. Efforts have been made to establish traceability systems, particularly for organic and perishable products, which are essential to meet stringent import requirements in markets like the EU, US, and Japan. Programmes like the National Horticulture Mission and the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana indirectly support exports by increasing productivity, improving irrigation, and encouraging diversification into _________ _________ _________ ____ ___ ______ _____.
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