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Psychosomatic illnesses represent a complex interaction between mind and body, wherein psychological factors contribute significantly to the onset, severity, or maintenance of physical symptoms. These illnesses are not merely imagined or fabricated; rather, they involve real physiological changes or distress that cannot be fully explained by a medical condition alone. The term “psychosomatic” underscores the inseparable link between psychological processes and somatic manifestations, highlighting the importance of understanding both emotional and biological contributions to health and well-being. In modern clinical psychology and psychiatry, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), provides a structured framework for understanding a range of conditions that fall under the category of somatic symptom and related disorders. Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders, as outlined in DSM-5, shift the focus from purely medically unexplained symptoms to the psychological distress and functional impairment associated with somatic complaints. This represents a significant evolution from earlier conceptualizations of “psychosomatic illness,” emphasizing the role of excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to physical symptoms rather than merely the presence or absence of a medical cause. One of the central disorders in this category is Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD). Individuals with SSD experience one or more physical symptoms that are distressing or significantly disruptive to daily life. Importantly, the degree of distress or impairment is disproportionate to the medical explanation, if one exists. Patients ____ ____ ____ ______ ___.
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