Question

 

Critically examine the changing role of the State in contemporary times.

01 Mar 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 1142
The role of the State has undergone significant transformation over the past few decades, influenced by the forces of globalization, technological advancement, economic liberalization, and socio-political change. Traditionally, the State has been viewed as a central actor in governance, responsible for ensuring law and order, providing public goods, regulating the economy, and safeguarding national sovereignty. The classical notion of the State, rooted in the Weberian perspective, emphasized its monopoly over legitimate use of force, its administrative capacity, and its responsibility to ensure welfare and security of citizens. However, in contemporary times, this traditional conception has been challenged and reshaped by multiple internal and external pressures, resulting in a more complex and multifaceted role of the State. One of the most notable changes in the role of the State is the shift from a welfare-oriented and interventionist model to a regulatory and enabling model, particularly in the context of economic governance. Post-World War II, many States, especially in Europe and parts of Asia, adopted welfare policies with substantial involvement in industrial planning, social security, and public ownership. The State functioned as a direct provider of services and a regulator of the economy. However, the late twentieth century witnessed a global trend toward neoliberalism, characterized by deregulation, privatization of public enterprises, and reduction in direct State intervention in economic activities. The contemporary State increasingly positions itself as a facilitator of _____ ________ ______ __________ _________ _________ ____ __________.
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