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When multiple computer programs are run simultaneously, the operating system plays a critical role in ensuring smooth execution through its various components. These components work together to manage system resources efficiently and to coordinate the interactions between the programs, hardware, and users. Memory Management is responsible for allocating and managing RAM. When several programs are running, memory management ensures that each program gets its own memory space without interfering with others. It prevents memory leaks and manages swapping or paging if the available RAM is insufficient. This allows the system to load all programs into memory, either fully or partially, and ensures they can function without crashing due to memory conflicts. Techniques like segmentation and virtual memory allow processes to execute even if they are not entirely loaded ______ ______ ______ _________ ___ __________.
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