Briefly describe the three types of 'Ecological Pyramids' and explain their limitations.

In what manner is the 'Ecosystem Concept' useful in the study of environment?

 Make a clear diagram of soil profile and label its various horizontal zones.

Give details of one of the following environmental components:

light/temperature/atmosphere/water.

Write an account on the history of Ecology.

Describe the various applications of genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering can be used for improving nutritional value of food. Explain in detail.

Describe Griffith's experiment to show transformation in DNA.

Genetic counselling

Autoimmune diseases

ABO Blood group system

Chemical mutagens

Describe any two modern methods for the improvement of crop plants.

Enlist the different types of lymphocytes. Mention their function, site of differentiation, and the type of immunity imparted by them.

 Detail the molecular basis of mutations.

In a randomly mating laboratory population of Drosophila, 4 per cent of the flies have black bodies (black is autosomal recessive, b) and 96 per cent have brown bodies (normal colour, B). If this population is assumed to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what are the allelic frequencies of B and b, and the genotypic frequencies of BB and Bb?

Does the operon concept apply to eukaryotes? Describe a suggested mechanism for gene regulation in eukaryotes.

Detail the Watson and Crick model of DNA structure. How did it fit in the data provided by Chargaff?

Describe with appropriate examples the role of environment in the determination of sex.

Describe the various steps involved in Calvin cycle with the help of a diagram.