What is scalability in Cloud Computing ? Explain the Proactive Scaling and Reactive Scaling strategies. Also, describe Auto scaling in cloud ? Write and explain fixed amount auto scaling algorithm, with the help of a suitable example.

What is Internet of Things (IoT)? What are the characteristics of IoT? List and explain the various components used to implement IoT. Also explain Industrial IoT, Infrastructure IoT and Internet of military things (IoMT) categories of IoT.

Define virtualization. Explain its underlying abstraction. Also mention the features provided by virtualization environment. Also, describe various Hypervisor based virtualization approaches like full virtualization, para virtualization and hardware assisted virtualization.

What is a Hypervisor? Compare the functionalities of Type-1 and Type-2 Hypervisors with the help of suitable block diagram for each; also give advantages and disadvantages of each.

Draw the block diagram of 3-layer architecture of Fog computing and explain all its layers. Also, with the help of a block diagram, explain the 4-levels in Cloud architecture.

Explain the differences between cloud computing, Fog computing and Edge computing. Draw a block diagram of Cloud-Fog-Edge collaboration and explain all its layers.

Give 2 examples for Star schema, Snowflake schema and Fact Constellation Schema.

Define resource pooling in cloud environment. In this context, explain the following: a. Server Pool b. Storage Pool c. Network Pool

“Data preprocessing is necessary before Data Mining process”. Justify your answer.

Define resource sharing in cloud computing. What is Tenancy in context of cloud computing? Explain the implementation of single tenancy and multi-tenancy types of resource sharing in cloud computing.

Define Cloud Computing. List and explain the four categories of cloud deployment models. Differentiate between cluster, grid and cloud computing with respect to its characteristics, physical structure, hardware, resources, applications, networking and scalability features.

Describe the measures of Multidimensional data modelling. Give examples.

What is Role-based Login? Explain how user’s access can be restricted using Role-based Login.

J2EE Architecture

Servlet Collaboration

Java Secure Socket Extension

JSP implicit objects

Explain the concept of decision trees in classification. Provide an example of building and visualizing a decision tree using R. How can K-means clustering be applied to a dataset in R?

Describe the role of link analysis in the PageRank algorithm. How are links between web pages interpreted in the context of PageRank?

What is a Data Stream Bloom Filter? Explain its primary purpose in data stream processing. Also, introduce the Flajolet-Martin Algorithm and its role in estimating the cardinality of a data stream.