Reverse osmosis and electrodialysis

Chemical precipitation

Flocculation

Activated sludge method

Describe the various methods for control of suspended particulates, volatile organic compounds and pollutant gases

Discuss the sources and effects of oil pollution. Explain the strategies to control and manage oil spills with suitable case studies and examples.

Noise pollution

Thermal pollution

Effects of radioactive pollution

Soil Pollution

Explain the concept of water quality. Explain the influence of various natural processes to determine the water quality. Discuss the effects of the contaminated water on environment.

Explain the effects of air pollutants on plant and animal health, and materials. Describe the influence of weather parameters on air pollutant dispersion.

Classify pollutants based on the source, state, polluted area and location with suitable examples. Explain the concept of primary and secondary pollutants. Explain the concept of source-transport receptor approach for pollution management.

What are urban forests? What steps must be taken to improve the area under forests in urban areas.

How should the resource planning be done in urban areas to equalise the distribution of amenities?

Explain the concept of Rank size Rule. What are the key points in rank size distribution of cities.

Explain the difference between smart cities and eco cities.

Define urban ecology. Explain its importance from sociological point of view.

Explain the factors responsible for urbanization.

Highlight the importance of sustainable urban development in generating jobs and securing livelihoods.