Explain the different types of hydrolytic processes that help in detoxification of pesticides during extramicrosomal metabolism of pesticides.

How do insect growth regulators (IGRs) function as insecticides? What role do enzyme inhibitors play in the action of pesticides?

Describe the source, active ingredient and uses of neem oil as a safe pesticide.

Describe the source, active ingredient and uses of neem oil as a safe pesticide.

What are pyrethroids? How are these different from the pyrethrins? Categorize them based on the cyano group and discuss, their mode of action.

 What are organochlorine compounds? Describe their characteristic features and uses. Discuss, why these are considered harmful for the environment?

 Explain the different indices of acute toxicity i.e. LD50, LC50 and LTs and significance of these values.

Sex determination

Parthenogenesis

Polyembryony

 Paedogenesis

 Paedogenesis

 Spermatogenesis

Explain the hormonal link between flight and egg production with suitable examples.

Explain the impulse transmission process in insects.

Discuss various respiratory methods employed by aquatic insects.

Discuss the functions of haemolymph.

Discuss the functions of haemolymph.

Explain mechanism of circulation in insects.

Compare the process of osmoregulation in terrestrial and aquatic insects.